Kidney is the organ which is a part of renal system or excretory system. There are generally bean shaped organs and are present two in number. The kidneys help in maintaining the fluid volume and concentration of the body. It helps in filtering minerals from the blood and extracts the waste products. The waste products usually found in the body by food products or created by the body during. The red blood cells are the most numerous cells in blood, when they mature they need hormones to do so. Kidney producesthese hormones. Kidney also promotes health and maintenance of bone cells. Blood pressure is also regulated by kidney by the mechanism of ReninAngiotensin pathway.
There are two main reasons due to which a nephrectomy is performed on an individual. The two reasons are cancer of the kidney or donation of kidney. It is also an option that one undergoes transplantation before the start of dialysis. Dialysis is a regular procedure which one has to undergo and some people when they find a suitable donor may choose to undergo transplantation to avoid this totally. Such kind of transplantation is known as preemptive transplant. It often leads to a better health in long term.
There are times when both kidneys are removed at the same time. Such a process is called bilateral nephrectomy. Bilateral nephrectomy is the procedure which is done due to bilateral kidney suffering from renal tumors, in patients who have major renal protein loss, in polycystic kidneys and in cases when there is a unrelenting symptom of renal infection and in continuous resistance to medical therapy.
Sometimes there is a need for two organ transplantation. Usually it is the kidney-pancreas transplantation. In cases of diabetes mellitus type 1 patients this type of transplantation is required. Due to diabetes mellitus sometimes a renal failure is caused, this leads to the need of such transplantation. This may happen simultaneously at a combined kidney-pancreas transplantation surgery, but also sometimes can be conducted at different times.
The follow ups after transplantation of kidney or kidney and pancreas are very important.Sowhen you find best nephrectomy treatment,India or outside for yourself, it is a must that you either get yourself checked and operated in a nearby hospital or find a hospital and then find some temporary residential facilities nearby. Kidneys need to be frequentlyevaluated by ultrasound after the operative procedure to evaluate for the external and physiologic deviations that can be associated with a transplant rejection. Imaging also helps us to assess the structures which are associated with the transplant such as the anastomosed transplant ureter, vein, and artery, to find out if they are stable and working in appearance.
There is not a particularly strict diet you have to follow after a kidney transplant. But there are some foods like grapefruit, green tea products and pomegranate that you must strictly avoid as they interfere with the transplant medications. There are also chances of rejection- acute or chronic, so one always needs to be there for the follow ups after the treatment.